List of Radon Level by Country (Please send comments and corrections to: Jan_Zielinski@hc-sc.gc.ca)

Country Name

WHO Code

ISO

Population 10^{6 a}

AM

GM

GSD

Max

Classification of AM^b

Source

OriginalReference for AM, possibly GM, GSD, Max

Albania

4005

ALB

3.13

120

105

2.0

270

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Austria

4010

AUT

8.19

99

1100

MEDLINE_2007

Friedmann, H. Final results of the Austrian Radon Project. Health Physics . 2005 Oct; 89(4):339-48.

Belarus

4018

BLR

9.76

31.8

221

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Belgium

4020

BEL

10.42

48

38

2.0

12000

CWA

UNSCEAR 2001 survey

Poffijn, A.; Marijns, R.; Vanmarcke, H., and Uyttenhove, J. Results of a preliminary survey on radon in Belgium. Science of the Total Environment. 1985 Oct; 45:335-342.; and Zh, H. C.; Charlet, J. M., and Poffijn, A. Radon risk mapping in southern Belgium: an application of geostatistical and GIS techniques. Science of the Total Environment. 2001 May 14; 272(1-3):203-210.

Bulgaria

4030

BGR

7.73

29

22

2.1

250

CWA

UNSCEAR 2003 survey

Croatia

4038

HRV

4.55

68

50

2.3

751

CWA

EURO_MAP_2005

Radolic, V.; Vukovic, B.; Stanic, D.; Katic, M.; Faj, Z.; Šuveljak, B.; Lukaevic, I.; Faj, D.; Lukic, M., and Planinic, J. National survey of indoor radon levels in Croatia. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 2006; 269(1):87-90.

Czech Republic

4045

CZE

10.22

140

CWA

EURO_MAP_2005

Hulka, J. and Thomas, J. National Radon Programme : 20 years of experience in . In. Proceedings of the 11th Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA-11) Madrid, Spain 23-28 May, 2004.; Madrid,, Spain. 2004..

Denmark

4050

DNK

5.43

59

39

2.2

1200

CWA

UNSCEAR 2001 survey

Andersen, C. E.; Ulbak, K.; Damkjaer, A., and Gravesen, P. Radon I danske boliger. (in Danish with English summary). Copenhagen, Denmark : National Institute of Radiation Hygiene; 2001; ISBN: 87-90951-71-9..; and Statens Institut for Stralehygiejne. Naturlig straling I danske boliger (in Danish). 1987

Estonia

4055

EST

1.33

60

1040

CWA

EURO_MAP_2005

Pahapill, L.; Rulkov, A., and Rajamäe, R. Radon in Estonian dwellings - Results from a National Radon Survey. SSI rapport:2003:16, ISSN 0282-4434. 2003 Oct.; and Petersell, V. Åkerblom G.; Ek, B.; Enel, M.; Mőttus, V., and Täht, K. Radon risk map of Estonia. Explanatory text to the radon risk map set of Estonia at scale of 1:500 000. SSI Report 2005:16/SGU Dnr. 08-466/2002. Tallinn-Stockholm ; 2005; ISBN: 9985-815-55-6.

Finland

4070

FIN

5.25

120

84

2.1

20000

CWA

UNSCEAR 2004 survey

Arvela, H. Population distribution of doses from natural radiation in Finland W. Burkart; M. Sohrabi, and A. Bayer, eds. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on High Levels of Natural Radiation and Radon Areas: Radiation Dose and Health Effects. Munich. 4-7 September 2000.Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier ; 2002 ICS 1225..; and Arvela, H; Mäkeläinen, I, and Castren, 0. Otantatutkimus asuntojen radonista Suomessa [Radiation in a sample of Finnish houses]. Helsinki: Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety; 1992. (STUK-A108).

France

4080

FRA

60.50

63

4968

CWA

MEDLINE_2007

Billon, S.; Morin, A.; Caer, S.; Baysson, H.; Gambard, J. P.; Backe, J. C.; Rannou, A.; Tirmarche, M., and Laurier, D. French population exposure to radon, terrestrial gamma and cosmic rays. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2005 Apr 28; 113(3):314-320.; and Baysson, H.; Billon, S.; Laurier, D.; Rogel, A., and Tirmarche, M. Seasonal correction factors for estimating radon exposure in dwellings in France. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2003 May 2; 104(3):245-252.

Germany

4085

DEU

82.69

49

37

2.0

10000

CWA

WHO 2007 survey

S. Menzler; A. Schaffrath Rosario; H.E. Wichmann, and L. Kreienbrock . Abschätzung des attributablen
Lungenkrebsrisikos in Deutschland durch Radon in Wohnungen. Landsberg am Lech: Ecomed
Verlag; 2006.

Greece

4140

GRC

11.12

55

44

2.4

1700

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Nikolopoulos, D.; Louizi, A.; Koukouliou, V.; Serefoglou, A.; Georgiou, E.; Ntalles, K., and Proukakis, C. Radon survey in Greece--risk assesment. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 2002; 63(2):173-186.

Hungary

4150

HUN

10.10

82

62

2.1

58000

CWA

MEDLINE_2007

Hamori, K.; Toth, E.; Pal, L.; Koteles, G.; Losonci, A., and Minda, M. Evaluation of indoor radon measurements in Hungary. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. 2006; 88(2):189-98.

Iceland

4160

ISL

0.29

10

26

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Ennow, K. R. and Magnusson, S. M. Natural radiation in Iceland and the Faroe Islands. National Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Copenhagen. SIS Report November 1982.

Ireland

4170

IRL

4.15

89

57

2.4

1924

CWA

UNSCEAR 2001 survey

Marsh D. 1991. Radiation mapping and soil radioactivity in the Republic of Ireland. MSc Thesis University of Dublin. Ireland.; Fennell, S. G.; Mackin, G. M.; Madden, J. S.; McGarry, A. T.; Duffy, J. T.; O'Colmain, M.; Colgan, P. A., and Pollard, D. Radon in Dwellings. The Irish National Radon Survey. Dublin, Ireland: Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland; 2002. (Report RPII-02/1).

Italy

4180

ITA

58.09

70

52

2.1

1040

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 Survey

Bochicchio, F.; Campos-Venuti, G.; Piermattei, S.; Nuccetelli, C.; Risica, S.; Tommasino, L.; Torri, G.; Magnoni, M.; Agnesod, G.; Sgorbati, G.; Bonomi, M.; Minach, L.; Trotti, F.; Malisan, M. R.; Maggiolo, S.; Gaidolfi, L.; Giannardi, C.; Rongoni, A.; Lombardi, M.; Cherubini, G.; D'Ostilio, S.; Cristofaro, C.; Pugliese, M.; Martucci, V.; Crispino, A.; Cuzzocrea, P.; Sansone Santamaria, A., and Cappai, M. Annual average and seasonal variations of residential radon concentration for all the Italian Regions: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Tracks in Solids. Radiation Measurements. 2005 Nov; 40(2-6):686-694.

Latvia

4186

LVA

2.31

70

WHO 2007 survey

Liechtenstein

LIE

0.03

80

1098

UNSCEAR 2001 survey

Lithuania

4188

LTU

3.43

55

36.5

636

CWA

UNSCEAR 2004 survey

Morkunas, G. and Akerblom, G. The outcome of the Lithuanian radon survey. Science of the Total Environment. 2001 May 14; 272(1-3):243-244.; Griciene, B.; and Ladygiene, R.; Morkunas, G., and Pilkyte, L. Current status of internal dosimetry in Lithuania. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 2003; 105(1-4):491-494.

Luxembourg

4190

LUX

0.46

110

70

2.0

2500

CWA

UNSCEAR 2004 survey

Montenegro

4350

SCG

0.63

184

110

2.7

1128

CWA

UNSCEAR 2001 survey

Center for Ecotoxicological Research of Montenegro. Program of systematic investigation of radionuclide contents in Montenegro environment, Chapter IX: Radon measurements, years 1999;2000;2001.

Netherlands

4210

NLD

16.30

23

18

1.6

380

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Stoop, P.; Glastra, P.; Hiemstra, Y.; Hiemstra, Y., and Lembrechts, J. Results of the second Dutch national survey on radon in dwellings. RIVM Report No. 610058006. 1998.

Norway

4220

NOR

4.62

89

50000

CWA

EURO_MAP_2005

Jensen, C. L. ; Strand, T.; Ramberg, G. B.; Ruden, L., and Anestad, K. The Norwegian radon mapping and remediation program. In. Proceedings of the 11th Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA-11) Madrid, Spain 23-28 May, 2004.; Madrid,, Spain. 2004.

Poland

4230

POL

38.53

49

31

2.3

3260

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Jajielak J., Biernacka M., Henschke J., Sosińska A.. Radiation Atlas of Poland 1997. Aries, ISBN 83-85787-22-4, (1998).

Portugal

4240

PRT

10.49

62

45

2.2

2700

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Faisca, M. C.; Teixeira, M. M. G. R., and Bettencourt, A. O. Indoor radon concentrations in Portugal - a national survey. Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 1992; 45: 465-467.

Romania

4270

ROU

21.71

50

24000

CWA

WHO 2007 survey

Iacob, O.; Grecea, C., and Botezatu, E. Population exposure to inhaled radon and thoron progeny.J.P. McLaughlin; E.S. Simopoulos, and F. Steinhäusler, eds. Seventh International Symposium on the Natural Radiation Environment (NRE-VII) Rhodes, Greece, 20-24 May 2002.Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier ; 2005.

Russia

4272

RUS

143.20

55

WHO 2007 survey

Slovakia

4274

SVK

5.40

87

3750

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Slovenia

4276

SVN

1.97

87

60

2.2

1330

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Krizman, M.; Ilic, R.; Skvarc J. , and Jeran, Z. A national survey of indoor radon concentrations in dwellings in Slovenia. D. Glavic-Cindro, ed. Proceedings of International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA) Regional Symposium on Radiation Protection in Neighbouring Countries in Central Europe.; Portoroz,Slovenia. Ljubljana, Slovenia: Josef .Stefan Institute; 1995: 66-70.

Spain

4280

ESP

45.06

90.4

45.7

2.9

15400

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Quindos, L. S.; Fernandez, P. L.; Sainz, C.; Gomez, J.; Matarranz, J. L., and Suarez Mahou, E. The Spanish experience on HBRA: High Levels of Natural Radiation and Radon Areas: Radiation Dose and Health Effects. International Congress Series. 1276, 2005 Feb: 50-53.; and Data from the CSN (Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear or Spanish Nuclear Security Agency) on-line radiological monitoring network, years 2002-03-04.

Sweden

4290

SWE

9.04

108

56

84000

CWA

UNSCEAR 2002 survey

Swedjemark, G. A.; Mellander, H., and Mjones, L. Radon levels in the 1988 Swedish housing stock . In: P. Kalliokoski; M. Jantunen, and O. Seppaenen, eds. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Indoor Air '93: Particles, microbes, radon. Helsinki, 4-8 July 1993.Otaniemi, Finland: Helsinki University of Technology; 1993: 491-496.; and Swedjemark, G. A.; Mellander, H., and Mjönes, L. Radon . In: U. Norlén and K. Anderson, (eds.). The indoor climate in Swedish residential buildings (in Swedish with English abstract). Stockholm , Sweden: Swedish Building Research Institute; 1993 (Report TN:30).

Switzerland

4300

CHE

7.25

73

59

1.8

15000

CWA

UNSCEAR 2006 survey

Menzler, S. and Kreienbrock, L. Attributive Risiken durch Radon in der Schweiz: Abschlussbericht. Im Auftrag des Bundesamtes für Gesundheit, Bern, Schweiz (Bericht) Hannover: Institut für Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informationsverarbeitung, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule, 2005, S. 1-180. 2005.; and CPR. Otantatutkimus asuntojen radonista Suomessa [Radiation in a sample of Finnish houses].Analyse des contributions ŕ l’irradiation de la population Suisse en 2004. Berne, Suisse: Commission fédérale de la protection contre les radiations et de surveillance de la radioactivité (CPR) ; 2005.

United Kingdom

4308

GBR

59.67

20

14

3.2

17000

CWA

UNSCEAR 2000 report

Wrixon, A. D. ; Green, B. M. R.; Lomas, P. R.; Miles, J. C. H.; Cliff, K. D.; Francis, E. A.; Driscoll, C. M. H.; James, A. C., and O'Riordan, M. C. Natural radiation exposure in UK dwellings. Chilton , United Kingdom: National Radiological Protection Board; 1988. (Report NRPB-R190).; and Gunby, J. A.; Darby, S. C.; Miles, J. C.; Green, B. M., and Cox, D. R. Factors affecting indoor radon concentrations in the United Kingdom. Health Physics. 1993 Jan; 64(1):2-12.